Work From Anywhere (WFA) - WTF?!

Work From Anywhere (WFA) schemes have emerged as one of the most popular benefits offered by our top 100 Flexifed companies this year, with 60% including this option. This is also one of our most in demand benefits as of May 2024 with 80% of candidates searching for WFA schemes when looking for a role.

What are Work From Anywhere (WFA) schemes?

A Work From Anywhere (WFA) scheme is a flexible work policy that allows employees to perform their job duties from any location, whether it’s their home, a co-working space, or even another country. Unlike traditional remote work policies that often have geographic restrictions, WFA schemes offer greater flexibility, enabling employees to work from different regions or countries while still fulfilling their professional responsibilities. It's worth noting that Work From Anywhere schemes may have tax implications, and employees may be restricted to working abroad for a limited number of days each year.

“Work From Anywhere” does not equal “Hire From Anywhere”. The latter approach refers to companies who will hire a new team member from anywhere in the world. The new joiner is officially employed by either a local office / subsidiary within the company’s group entity or, as is becoming increasingly common, by an “Employer of Record” in that nation. 

Benefits of a Work From Anywhere scheme

1. Increased employee satisfaction and retention: Giving employees the freedom to choose where they work leads to higher job satisfaction and loyalty, as they appreciate the trust and flexibility given to them.
2. Cost Savings: With fewer employees needing to work from a central office, companies can save on overhead costs.
3. Enhanced productivity: Employees can work from environments where they feel most productive, which can lead to better performance and efficiency.
4. Work-life balance: Employees can better balance their personal and professional lives, reducing burnout and promoting mental health. Employees can spend more time with family in different countries without having to use up their annual leave.

How to put Work From Anywhere (WFA) into practice?

For companies looking to hire from anywhere (like many Flexa clients), we recommend checking out Deel, who are well versed in the legalities of remote hiring. However, this article will focus solely on Work From Anywhere (WFA), whereby an employee spends a period of time working outside their usual jurisdiction, wherever that may be.

On the surface, establishing a Work From Anywhere (WFA) scheme should be easy. If the pandemic has taught us anything, it’s that knowledge-based work can be performed from pretty much anywhere, right? The employee can simply make a request, get it approved by HR / their line manager, and head off to a beach cafe with their laptop… surely? Well… no, not really!

As Benjamin Franklin famously uttered: ‘... in this world, nothing is certain except death and taxes.’ How right he was. And, of course, it’s mainly taxation that causes a world of headaches when it comes to Work From Anywhere (WFA) schemes.

The foremost potential taxation pitfall is that the employee could be treated as tax resident in both jurisdictions, i.e. their destination of choice, as well as their usual country of residence. Furthermore, in this situation, the employer may also become saddled with reporting responsibilities, or even tax withholding responsibilities, in a country where the company has no legal presence (and no taxation expertise on hand). 

In certain instances, the above traps might be avoidable by way of “double taxation treaties” but, suffice it to say, this is not an avenue most companies will wish to go down, given the complexity involved.

Work From Anywhere (WFA) and taxation

As a rule of thumb, in most countries, individuals who spend fewer than 183 days in a given year in that country will not be treated as tax resident. Easy, right… what’s the catch? 

The challenge is that a large number of countries have bespoke rules relating to tax residency, making the 183 day rule of thumb a very risky one indeed. Here are a few examples of where things might go wrong:

• In Switzerland, tax residency kicks in after just 90 days.
• In Hong Kong, tax residency kicks in after 90 days if the individual owns a property in HK.
• Australia operates a particularly convoluted test for residency, there’s a beauty of a flow chart you can view.
• Even in the UK, residency status is checked through a head-scratching series of rules and regulations, which also take into account any previous residency in the UK, or even family member residency, you can see this in all its glory at section 3.

With all this in mind, Flexa clients have generally abided by a “safety first” approach. This will typically mean that the maximum cap on a Work From Anywhere (WFA) scheme is 45 days, or occasionally 60 days.

Why 45 days, you may ask? Generally speaking, we have not come across any residency test that would suggest that a new visitor to a country would become tax-resident in fewer than 45 days. In other words, a max of 45 days abroad in one stint “plays it safe” and makes it very unlikely (but not impossible!!) that an employee on a Work From Anywhere 'WFA' scheme, and / or their employer, will fall foul of local tax authorities.

How to implement a WFA scheme

• Trust your employees first and foremost - if trust is then broken, address it. WFA is a powerful benefit, and for those who don't abuse it, it can be life changing!
• Based on your research and advice you've sought, choose the number of days abroad that you feel most comfortable with. Here at Flexa, most often we see companies opting for 30 days or 45 days each year.
• Communicate that clearly to employees in a handbook, with guidelines around how to let their manager know, and any restricted countries. Explain why it is so important that people don't break these rules, as it's not just the company that is at risk from taxation, it's the individual too.
• Use reliable tools for communication, collaboration, and project management to ensure seamless operations regardless of location.
• Regularly assess the effectiveness of the WFA scheme through employee feedback and performance metrics, making adjustments as necessary.

Is Work From Anywhere (WFA) here to stay?

We definitely think it's benefit that has longevity and is here to stay, particularly with more and more companies looking to adopt WFA policies.

Work From Anywhere (WFA) schemes are genuinely great and we highly encourage Flexa clients to look at the option of introducing WFA. However, there are a number of taxation and legislative pitfalls to be aware of. With this in mind, we would always encourage a client (or prospective client) to obtain professional advice in this regard. Once those hurdles have been overcome the perk will become a highlight to your talent attraction strategy.